Pickle hiccups

Wednesday 23 July 2003This is more than 21 years old. Be careful.

(This is not about deli after-effects: it’s about Python). The pickle module is great: any Python data, simply serialized for storage, transmission, whatever. Nevertheless, Jarno writes about his difficulty with pickle. I don’t have the same problem (I always go find my last use of it to copy from anyway), but I had two deeper problems with pickle recently:

Problem one: You can’t pickle instances of classes that are not declared at the top level of their module. This is clearly stated in the docs, but I had to discover it the hard way. I like to use private classes where the class is only needed within another class, and pickle can’t handle it:

# Bad: can't pickle Outer
class Outer:
    class Inner:
        # ....

    def __init__(self):
        self.inner = self.Inner()
# Good: can pickle Outer
class _Inner:
    # ....

class Outer:
    def __init__(self):
        self.inner = _Inner()

Problem two: I had created an overly-tricky class that never returned an AttributeError: missing attributes simply returned None. This messed with pickle’s head, because it tries to get the __getstate__ method on instances, and None is not callable. This wasn’t really pickle’s fault, more of an object lesson in how to override the deep magic methods like __getattr__.

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